Suggestions for low-end home server in 2021

You need to configure HPE Smart Array S100i SR in AHCI mode.
Also you may choose between Xeon E-2224 (4core / 71W) or Pentium G5420 (2core / 54W) depending of your processor requirements and power consumption. Note that this is max consumption while the cpu is at 100% + power consumption of all your hard disk or ssd. The server have 180W external power supply so it's easy to calculate how much it will cost you to run it 24/7.

Procedure:

  1. Reboot the server.
  2. Start UEFI System Utilities by pressing F9 (System Utilities) during POST.
  3. Select System Configuration > BIOS/Platform Configuration (RBSU) > Storage Options > SATAController Options > Embedded SATA Configuration > Smart Array SW RAID Support and pressthe Enter key.
  4. In the SATA Controller Options screen, for the Embedded SATA configuration option, select SmartArray SW RAID Support from the drop-down menu and click OK.
    If user see the warning "Important: Smart Array SW RAID is not supported when the Boot Mode isconfigured in Legacy BIOS Mode", click OK.
  5. Press F12: Save and Exit.
  6. Save changes by clicking Yes-Save Changes.
  7. Click Reboot.

Also if you don't need cpu power you can check the Supermicro Embedded and IoT servers like SYS-E302
 
There will be very little difference between pre-built products using the same hardware and you most likely will be running powerd/powerdxx anyway.
A very useful thread about the Dell T40 in german (use Google translate if you don't know german)
 
Can you please elaborate on that? I am a total noobie re power supply.
It's best to measure it over a week period to average the power consumption. Let say your server consumption is 100W per hour. Then for 24h multiply by 100W it will consume 100W*24h=2400W/h (2.4kW/h) per day. Multiply this by 31 days for a month and you get 2.4kW/h*31day=74.4kW/h per month. Then depending of your electricity price per kW let say it's $0.26 for 1kW/h multiply 74.4kW * $0.26 = $19.34 per month.
 
Ok, but why does an external power supply make the calculation easy? Would it be different for an internal power supply?
 
It doesn't matter if it's internal or external power supply. It's allows you to calculate what is the worst case scenario when the server operate at 100% plus all disk and expansion cards it cannot exceed the rating of the power supply and it will never be more than 180W.

If you want to size your server rack you can use HPE Power Advisor to calculate how much VAC you need for the UPS.

For HPE Microserver 10 plus with Xeon E-2224, 2xDDR4, 2HDD the max load is 115.3W
 
lifepillar said:
why does an external power supply make the calculation easy?
Maybe because you can easily use a multimeter between power supply and device. But it doesn't give you a good reading because it doesn't account for the (in)efficiency of the power supply itself. If you want to know real power usage as described by VladiBG, google 'power consumption meter'. For about 20 USD you get an electricity meter that you plug into a power outlet, then plug the power cord of the computer into the meter. It will show you real power consumption during 24 hours. Recommended. You'll be amazed when you see the power consumption of older hardware. Especially those external ones that still get warm when the attached device is switched off.
 
You're much better off with the Rockchip solutions in pretty much all regards, I'm running a few RockPro64 as firewalls/gateways just fine with dual port Intel NICs on 13-STABLE :-)
 
I've made up 4 severs from the SuperMicro A2SDi-[4C or 8C]-HLN4F servers in the SuperMicro SCE300 chassis. Runs FreeBSD no problem. For version 13.x, consumes about 1.8 amps at 12V in. Takes single supply 12V in, use a 12V 5A wall wort with 5.5mm/2.5mm. It's an Atom, but, has 4 or 8 cores. 8 core has 15 MB L3. Here's a fun one: the memory is 2400 MHz dual lane and ECC. It's like Intel go the memo that "ECC is not just for Xeons anymore". Had a Samsung memory stick that got a few ECC errors, very uncharactoristci for Samsung- I still use them. Chaning load order made error go away, was pattern sensitivity. But that was one out of 10 sticks. I put 32GB on the 4 core, and 64 GF on the 8 core. Lots of SATA ports available, I think SM was thinking NAS for this board. Might price is just a bit over your target, but this has surprising performance for its size and fits in a middle ground between low end and high end. Basically, you get to "play" with the 4 or 8 cores, how much M2 or SATA, how much memory. And as for that memory, "Life is too short for any big system that does not have ECC." Note also the M2 only supports 2 lanes (the hand of marketing there...) so don't waste money on high end M2s.

Encloses is pix with text I added that shows the motherboard in the chassis. The power supply (purple, on the left) is one I designed so I can use this in mobil applications with a vehicle battery that auto boots and shuts down. There is a bracket available that would let you put a PCIe card in here, but with all the SATA ports not sure what that could even be. I've had one in the basement for about 18 months running 12.x, no problems, no re-boot. This is a mother board that moves from the big ATX connector to a "12V only in", which really makes the power supply simple.
For use in a home, there are 12V 5A (60W) wall worts out there with the 5.5mm/2.5mm connector on them that work fine, I'm using one on the unit in the basement.
The power supply I did was a dual 50W Boost-Buck, so I use one output for 12 V for the motherboard, and the other output goes to the existing barrel jack on the chassis to output 12V to run a monitor and WiFi box. Needed something that could power the system with input voltages in the 6.5 to 18V range.
 

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it should be working using a serial adapter, you might need to enable support in the installer (loader) though.
I have updated loader.conf to enable serial connections. But it seems that the system doesn't boot from USB, so I'd have to enter the BIOS anyway—or, maybe, boot from a CD.
 
It won't boot from USB automatically but I would imagine that it supports console redirection perhaps that's not working with UEFI or is enabled though.
 
eepete, how much noise do your SCE300-housed computers make?

I've eyeballed similar combos for a while but I've been wary of how loud those small fans would turn out.
 
eepete, how much noise do your SCE300-housed computers make?

I've eyeballed similar combos for a while but I've been wary of how loud those small fans would turn out.
There are two fan speeds available. The FAN-0065L4 is the "loud" one, but it really moves the air. The FAN-0100L4 is the "Not so Loud" (not to be confused with "quiet") one. The fans in the picture are a loud one and 2 not so loud ones, but, I need this to work at 120° ambient. For normal room temps, a single "not so loud" in that position where you see the FAN-0065L4 (the loud one) would work OK. The CPU doesn't really get warm running BSD doing "normal things". I suspect if you were transcoding video or some other operation that runs all the cores at once it would need the "loud" fan or two "not so loud" fans. These fans are $15 each, so the price of making a change is not too bad. You can remove the fan holder and change fans without taking the motherboard out.
On my big 1 RU severs (max CPU power 160 W), the fans are both _really_ loud and dual (in case one fails). None of the 40 mm fans for this chassis are anywhere close to that loud.
FWIW, I put a smaller 40mm fan in just for fun. IDK the CFM, but the fan was .11 amps at 12V. It's pretty quiet. I think that would be fine for room temp use also, but you have to make your own fan connector.
Possible plan of action depending on your hardware skill: Try a single 40mm fan that is just on all the time by putting the right 4-pin connector on the two wires. Put it in as the fan closest to the front panel. If things are too hot, order the Not so Loud fan. Just the max dissipation of the M2 (8W, but typical much lower) and the memory (3-4W each stick) and the CPU max dissipation makes it hard to run this as a "fan-less" system. FWIW, the large amount of memory is just to take full advantage of how well ZFS caches files, and let me have a /tmp that's a RAM disk.

One other piece of data on this motherboard/chassis. Enclosed is a thermal image of the FLEX version of this same motherboard The motherboard I'm using the mini-ATX form factor, the chassis is a FLEX form factor, that's where the extra room for the small format PCIe (or my power supply)comes from. This was the 1st motherboard I evaluated. The image is a bit misleading, as the coloring has the range adjust based on the relative temperature. The lower left is the M2 card. The actual temperature of the card was about 90° F (ambient was about 73° F). The back DRAM row runs a bit hot here, about 96°. All still OK for normal indoor use. Note in the picture how cool the CPU is, the heat sink on that is really good. The system had FreeBSD running, nothing special going on, the +12 was at 1.8 amps.
If you look closely at the picture of the ATX-mini motherboard (the one with my supply on it), on the lower right just behind the front panel and under the 16 wire ribbon cable, you'll see a small fan. It's a 30mm size and is always on. It cools that back memory stick, and the power supplies between the ATX power and the memory stick. I added that because of my high operating temperature constraint.
Note also that I made my own 16 pin connector to the front panel, in the thermal image you can see the very long cable SuperMicro supplies. In the lower right of my power supply you can see a 2 pin connector with wires 1 (red) and 2 of the front pannel. This is how the power supply can boot the machine and take it down.

Lots of info, hope it makes sense.

- pete
 

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