I am preparing to replace a failing disk in a RAIDZ2 array. I received a heads up from our weekly HDD status report:
I checked the SMART reports and discovered this:
All the other drives show no errors. Based on this I inferred that the problem was with /dev/ada3. I therefore planned to replace this drive in the zpool this past weekend. However, I came down with a very severe viral infection and have just now returned to work. And I discover this in my mailbox:
The pool is degraded but the device removed is not /dev/ada3 but /dev/ada0. However,
I am very confused about this. The drive that I believed to be the issue due to the repeated read errors is still online. A drive that has no reported errors has been removed from the pool while the system was running. I have checked the unit in its enclosure and the drive caddy is in place. I do not know how it was removed but it is in place at the moment. I am rerunning a scrub to see if this status persists.
The original scrub messages do not indicate which drive is producing the errors. If I had been able I would have replaced ada3, which might not have prevented the pool degradation depending upon what actually is causing it.
How am I supposed to discover which drive is giving the error that the scrub reports before it fails?
Why does the scrub report not provide that data?
What is the scrub discovering that the smart tests are not?
Code:
vhost03.hamilton.harte-lyne.ca - ZFS pool - HEALTH fault
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH
ALTROOT
bootpool 1.98G 234M 1.76G - - 17% 11% 1.00x ONLINE -
zroot 10.6T 2.81T 7.81T - - 54% 26% 1.00x ONLINE -
pool: bootpool
state: ONLINE
status: Some supported and requested features are not enabled on the pool.
The pool can still be used, but some features are unavailable.
action: Enable all features using 'zpool upgrade'. Once this is done,
the pool may no longer be accessible by software that does not support
the features. See zpool-features(7) for details.
scan: scrub repaired 0B in 00:00:24 with 0 errors on Thu May 4 13:47:20 2023
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
bootpool ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada1p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada0p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada2p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada3p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
pool: zroot
state: ONLINE
status: One or more devices has experienced an unrecoverable error. An
attempt was made to correct the error. Applications are unaffected.
action: Determine if the device needs to be replaced, and clear the errors
using 'zpool clear' or replace the device with 'zpool replace'.
see: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/msg/ZFS-8000-9P
scan: scrub repaired 4.20M in 15:07:09 with 0 errors on Fri May 5 04:54:05 2023
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
zroot ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz2-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada1p4.eli ONLINE 0 0 0
ada0p4.eli ONLINE 0 0 0
ada2p4.eli ONLINE 0 0 0
ada3p4.eli ONLINE 1.06K 0 0
errors: No known data errors
I checked the SMART reports and discovered this:
Code:
[root@vhost03 ~ (master)]# smartctl -a /dev/ada3
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE-p6 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Red
Device Model: WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
Serial Number: WD-WCC1T0371529
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 208200201
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Tue May 16 19:15:46 2023 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 121) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (39600) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 398) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 1318
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 179 179 021 Pre-fail Always - 6008
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 61
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 049 049 000 Old_age Always - 37507
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 59
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 50
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 10
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 124 110 000 Old_age Always - 26
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 35
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 37466 843538015
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 37299 843538848
# 3 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 37275 843538014
# 4 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 37131 843538015
# 5 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 36963 843538014
# 6 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 36795 843538015
# 7 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 36532 843538014
# 8 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 36364 843538015
# 9 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 36196 843538015
#10 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 36028 843538848
#11 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35860 843538014
#12 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35692 843538015
#13 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35620 843538848
#14 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35524 843538848
#15 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35356 843538848
#16 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35189 843538015
#17 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 35021 843538015
#18 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 34901 843538848
#19 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 34853 843538848
#20 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 34685 843538015
#21 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 34517 843538848
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
All the other drives show no errors. Based on this I inferred that the problem was with /dev/ada3. I therefore planned to replace this drive in the zpool this past weekend. However, I came down with a very severe viral infection and have just now returned to work. And I discover this in my mailbox:
Code:
vhost03.hamilton.harte-lyne.ca - ZFS pool - HEALTH fault
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH
ALTROOT
bootpool 1.98G 234M 1.76G - - 17% 11% 1.00x DEGRADED -
zroot 10.6T 2.82T 7.81T - - 54% 26% 1.00x DEGRADED -
pool: bootpool
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has been removed by the administrator.
Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a
degraded state.
action: Online the device using zpool online' or replace the device with
'zpool replace'.
scan: scrub repaired 0B in 00:00:24 with 0 errors on Thu May 4 13:47:20 2023
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
bootpool DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
ada1p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada0p2 REMOVED 0 0 0
ada2p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada3p2 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
pool: zroot
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has experienced an unrecoverable error. An
attempt was made to correct the error. Applications are unaffected.
action: Determine if the device needs to be replaced, and clear the errors
using 'zpool clear' or replace the device with 'zpool replace'.
see: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/msg/ZFS-8000-9P
scan: scrub repaired 4.61M in 14:49:46 with 0 errors on Wed May 10 02:17:01 2023
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
zroot DEGRADED 0 0 0
raidz2-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
ada1p4.eli ONLINE 0 0 0
ada0p4.eli REMOVED 0 0 0
ada2p4.eli ONLINE 0 0 0
ada3p4.eli ONLINE 1.16K 0 0
errors: No known data errors
The pool is degraded but the device removed is not /dev/ada3 but /dev/ada0. However,
smartctl -a /dev/ada0
says this:
Code:
[root@vhost03 ~ (master)]# smartctl -a /dev/ada0
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE-p6 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Red
Device Model: WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1T3451852
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6adfa9e37
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Tue May 16 19:11:57 2023 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (40320) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 404) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 1
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 190 184 021 Pre-fail Always - 5491
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 61
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 049 049 000 Old_age Always - 37507
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 58
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 50
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 10
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 122 111 000 Old_age Always - 28
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 37474 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 37306 -
# 3 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 37282 -
# 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 37138 -
# 5 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 36970 -
# 6 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 36802 -
# 7 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 36539 -
# 8 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 36372 -
# 9 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 36203 -
#10 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 36035 -
#11 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35867 -
#12 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35699 -
#13 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35627 -
#14 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35532 -
#15 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35364 -
#16 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35196 -
#17 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 35028 -
#18 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 34908 -
#19 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 34860 -
#20 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 34692 -
#21 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 34525 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
I am very confused about this. The drive that I believed to be the issue due to the repeated read errors is still online. A drive that has no reported errors has been removed from the pool while the system was running. I have checked the unit in its enclosure and the drive caddy is in place. I do not know how it was removed but it is in place at the moment. I am rerunning a scrub to see if this status persists.
The original scrub messages do not indicate which drive is producing the errors. If I had been able I would have replaced ada3, which might not have prevented the pool degradation depending upon what actually is causing it.
How am I supposed to discover which drive is giving the error that the scrub reports before it fails?
Why does the scrub report not provide that data?
What is the scrub discovering that the smart tests are not?
Last edited: