If you're using pre-build packages there might be different versions of a port available (f.e. there are packages "mc" and "mc-nox11" from the mc port); And some packages have extra module packages (f.e. "pulseaudio-module-xrdp"). But that's it on packages: You cannot add or remove more features from them.
If you're using ports to build your own packages you've got more control: Many packages offering a dialog to enable or disable options of a software. You will get this dialog the first time you're building a port as well if the available options changed (or running
make config
inside the ports directory).
But also here: You're limited to the option the package maintainer made available. In case of PulseAudio there's no config option for Bluetooth; I see that there's a module, but the docs of that project are really poor (most times they say "use the package of your distribution" without any word of compiling options - just one meson command for all, they are telling more about how to download the source from the internet… wow).
Top go on from here: First you've got to find out if that module is build by default. If I'm compiling that package the directory
work/pulseaudio-14.2/src/modules/bluetooth stays untouched, so AFAIK it isn't build, and so it cannot be removed
But if it would be build: Then you can ask the ports maintainer to add a configure option. If that leads to nothing you can build your own modified port, or compile it by yourself. That means: Read the docs of the developers; They are the best people who can tell you how to add or remove features from their software. (But as said that part isn't a strength of PulseAudio…)