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I agree, but in all fairness the focus of the forum is of course on FreeBSD. Still, now that it's fully clear that this thread specifically addresses Python I don't see any reason why I wouldn't be allowed to expand a little bit on the learning...

I can check this when I do the next machine. When I upgraded to 14.1, I decided to use source, just to learn more about the process. This is my first attempt at a major upgrade with source, however. To summarize, building from source for 15.0...

What about this one? No graphics card at all. vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = 'IvyBridge GT2 [HD Graphics 4000]' class = display subclass = VGA

Just wondering... pkg states that the port is locked, which I suppose isn't impossible. So just to satisfy curiosity here, what happens if you run: pkg query %n\ %q\ %k mc? Does that give a 1 or not?

Not expert here, but have u verify the chksum of memdisk-img you downloaded ? I recently install FreeBSD 15.0 to DL380G8 internal SD card without any issue except my fan speed is running around 43% which is expected.

Ah, that is old enough to not need any firmware, you just need drm-66-kmod (or whichever version you want).

Whilst going through my pile of disks I came across one which looked like this: => 63 312581745 da0 MBR (149G) 63 217921662 1 ntfs (104G) 217921725 1859 - free - (930K) 217923584 31457280 2 ntfs...

dd/cp/cstream will work. If the target device is bigger you can then use gpart. But it will boot just fine even before that.

Advantage of dd is that modern storage became so fast that nothing takes much time anymore. I write 5 GB USB 3.0 images in less than 2 minutes. But CLI dd still has the risk of a disk error or power loss. You have to start over again if that...

I'm a ThinkPad collecter, but most of my collection is back home and it includes an X201 and X220. But I'm currently using 2 X61's a W520 and an X1 Gen1. I would lke to install 8GB of ram in one of them since Middleton is supposed to allow...

I have done this on the X61, although I tested it with linux using hdparm to test performance, it definitely worked. And I remember also dmesg reports the 3 Gb/s interface when the drive is initialised, although that's not really a test. It's...

I only have old hardware so just want to install which works for me. I'd like to install the one which works best and uses least space.

termios is very useful here too. It helped me a lot when I wrote a text editor in C, because for such programs most of the default behaviour should be turned off (it's called to enter a raw terminal mode).

stty onlcr or ioctl ONLCR

What errors do you get when using dd? Is this a FreeBSD version? I'm guessing that there are differences between different dd's.

I didn't realise that 'latest' was actually the name. I thought it was simply short for a later one who's name I don't recall...

I always wonder why there isn't a FreeBSD equivalent of this. Much of the work is done by shell scripts AFAICS.

From the beginning I liked tcl mainly because of: a) Its simplicity and coherence, not bloated and easy to learn syntax. b) The way it separately denote variable names and variable values that allows to construct strings in an intuitive way...

Does it have an LSI/Broadcom RAID card? Not sure if this is still an issue but for some controllers FreeBSD will attach mfi when it should be using mrsas. There's a range of cards that causes the system to crash with mfi. Using...

No, generally, the destination drive is same type, but larger. I'm looking for something like this Inateck HDD Cloner, but that is able to actually produce a bootable FreeBSD drive (the Inateck doesn't)..

I think I've got pretty good command-line for dd (dd if=/dev/source_disk of=/dev/target_disk bs=1M conv=sync), but, as I mentioned above, I'm looking for a more fool-proof option that easier for me to handle and that can be run via hardware or...

With dd. I can never figure out what happens when if and of are different sizes.

With dd. I can never figure out what happens when if and of are different sizes.

Are you using identical devices?

Yes, always! 👍 :)

sort , uniq

Thanks, but I need to be able to run the cloner unattended and when the system's not running. And I should probably clarify my needs/reasoning: I'm a senior and I don't trust my command-line accuracy. I've twice fouled-up backups with dd - once...

I'm looking for a hard drive cloner that produces a bootable clone of a BSD system. I have both software hard drive cloners and a hardware device that'll clone any running Windows system hard drive over to a new/blank hard drive (i.e., old style...

Oh no, I just saw that it deletes entries since last time it they were added to the table, that would mean all of the addresses o_O 😁

You say 61, 66 or latest, how do I know which is the latest? Also how can I tell what hardware I have? Will pciconf show me that ? I get a bit lost with all the modules installed and don't really understand what they are for.

You don't have to block permanently all ips that scans your web server. They are too many anyway. They are already some botnet controller list provided by some organization for NGFW which you can use if you want to filter and reduce some of those...

It has been really difficult to tune fail2ban as there are so many different IP addresses, it catches a few, but far from them all, and max-src-conn-rate too, due to all unique addresses. I saw there was expire function in pf: pfctl -t ddos -T...

Are you aware that tkinter is tk with the whole tcl inside python? Why python with the whole tcl inside if you can do the same with tcl? And I do not think installing is a problem, more interesting would be a short introduction to python, or...

The appeal to graphical environmennts doesn't make much sense anyway. What's different if you install everything independently? If crucial things are missing, the central KDE management should explain what's the problem. FreeBSD has not so much...

I'm using a USB stick to install on a HPE DL-380 G9 server. Stick is read installer starts and the server reboots. Repeats everytime. On the same server using a FreeBSD 14.3 stick, the installer runs and completes. No issues. I've used the...

You must have been socialized in the Linux world, where it is "our way or the highway". Added to my ignore list.

Confirming with dry-run before actual run to confirm safety (and be patient to wait for pkg repo is really up-to-date, in-sync) would be a good habit.

Comparing with a snapshot: [22:16 r730-01 dvl /.zfs/snapshot/autosnap_2026-04-14_00:00:14_daily/usr/local/sbin] % elfctl -l grub-bhyve Known features are: noaslr Disable ASLR noprotmax Disable implicit PROT_MAX nostackgap...

I'm probably wrong, but are you sure that /usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve has the wxneeded feature enabled?

I see. :rolleyes: It is an ugly lenghty commandline and bhyve is quite picky and not very verbose. What you could do, if that "vm" is simply a shell script, run it after inserting "set -v -x", then it should somewhere print that commandline. But...

From what I understand, the vm-bhyve is a convenience layer. So does it start without vm-bhyve? Anther approach could be to look into the source what might trigger the rc=4 - that could be enlightening, or it could be devastating. ;) I for my...

Found it: [22:12 r730-01 dvl ~] % elfctl -l /usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve Known features are: noaslr Disable ASLR noprotmax Disable implicit PROT_MAX nostackgap Disable stack gap wxneeded Requires W+X mappings la48...

Stefan2 me too. I had overlooked the left hand search box. I get the correct result on the right hand search box, but nothing on the left.

I don't know and searching for that term doesn't help me answer your question, so: [22:07 r730-01 dvl ~] % ls -l /usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve -r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1081496 2026.02.09 03:11 /usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve [22:07 r730-01 dvl ~] % file...

When reading the handbook starting out 14.1 I clicked the X Windowing System category; I didn't skip to it but read the handbook to get to that part. Same process still works today 15.0/1 and 16.0-CURRENT (pkg install xorg drm-#-kmod), and xlibre...

The left box works with "x.org".

I was on 15.1-PRE yesterday, ran pkg update from a script, ignored a mismatch version warning and updated a bunch of stuff (thought it was from pkg32 wine 😅), rebooted and froze at next boot. I was testing filesystem stuff too and figured that...

> So does it start without vm-bhyve? I am happy to try that if someone shows me how. I see the options listed above. Can it be that easy. From what I know, byhve does get started, as shown in the logs. Looking at your script, that's probably...

For upgrating the second machine, I had the src directory mounted read only. I switched the mount to rw and it completed 'make -j4 buildworld' without stopping. However, the file /etc/rc.subr exhibited the same problem as the first machine. I...

Stefan2 Same here. A PR needs to be sent.