I do not consider the failing requests of the ntp daemon as an error, but as expected behaviour when the internet connection is down.
Clearly, the ISP had a problem on their side, and on my side various
dhclient child processes tried to reestablish the connection for more than one hour, but finally the
dhclient mother process was shutdown by the kernel with a SIGSEV, because it shot itself in the food (segmentation fault). So once the ISP had resolved the problem outside, my system could not recover because
dhclient was already dead.
For the time being, I build & installed a
dhclient binary with debug symbols compiled into (
CFLAGS="-g -O0"), and I disabled the
pingorrestart.sh script wich I mentioned in post
#12. For now I have to wait until the next incident, and when the network is down the other day, I could debug the core dump like so:
https://obsigna.com/articles/1566473244.html