I've been struggling with this since early December 2023 with no success. Virtualbox running on a Windows 10 machine. FreeBSD 14.0 guest running inside Virtualbox. I set up a VNET jail. Trying many incantations and how-tos I found (many are simply wrong), I can ping outside the jail as far as the FreeBSD/Virtualbox interface (em0) but not beyond onto the LAN or the internet. The FreeBSD host can easily ping out to the LAN and to the internet at large. I've studied the routing tables until I'm nearly blind. Demoralized, I set it aside for a while but am going to try to tackle it again shortly.
If you solve this, please let me know.