Solved fsck -y /dev/ada2 ---> Cannot find file system superblock.

Hello.

please check the situation below. I think that one of my disks is damaged,but I don't realize how much.

Code:
mario@marietto:/home/marietto # gpart show

=>       40  625142368  ada2  GPT  (298G)
         40     532480     1  efi  (260M)
532520  616030208     2  freebsd-ufs  (294G)
616562728    8388608     3  freebsd-swap  (4.0G)
624951336     191072        - free -  (93M)

mario@marietto:/home/marietto # mount -t ufs /dev/ada2p2 /mnt/ada2p2
mount: /dev/ada2p2: No such file or directory

mario@marietto:/home/marietto # fsck -y /dev/ada2

Cannot find file system superblock
Cannot find file system superblock

mario@marietto:/home/marietto # fsck -y /dev/ada2p2

Cannot find file system superblock
Cannot find file system superblock

Can I make something to recover the data inside this disk or the only operation that I can do is to recreate the partition table and reinstall everything from scratch ?
 
from fsck_ffs(8):
Code:
     -b      Use the block specified immediately after the flag as the super
             block for the file system.  An alternate super block is usually
             located at block 32 for UFS1, and block 192 for UFS2.

If this doesn't help, my guess would be you're doomed...

edit, concerning this: # fsck -y /dev/ada2NEVER attempt to run fsck on a disk (at least if it's actually partitioned).
 
It's also possible that freebsd-ufs partition isn't formatted with UFS. Just because the partition type indicates UFS doesn't dictate that the actual filesystem used is UFS. You can just as easily run newfs_msdos(8) on a freebsd-ufs partition.
 
from fsck_ffs(8):
Code:
     -b      Use the block specified immediately after the flag as the super
             block for the file system.  An alternate super block is usually
             located at block 32 for UFS1, and block 192 for UFS2.

If this doesn't help, my guess would be you're doomed...

edit, concerning this: # fsck -y /dev/ada2NEVER attempt to run fsck on a disk (at least if it's actually partitioned).

like this ?

Code:
fsck -y -b "how can I calculate the value of b here ?" /dev/ada2p2
 
It's also possible that freebsd-ufs partition isn't formatted with UFS. Just because the partition type indicates UFS doesn't dictate that the actual filesystem used is actually UFS.

Code:
mario@marietto:/home/marietto # fdisk /dev/ada2p2 | grep sysid

fdisk: invalid fdisk partition table found
sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD)
 
Code:
mario@marietto:/home/marietto # fsck_ufs -y -b 192 /dev/ada2p2

Alternate super block location: 192
192 is not a file system superblock
192 is not a file system superblock
 
Is there anything else that I can try ?
If this doesn't help, my guess would be you're doomed...
That is, as SirDice said, if you're sure this partition should contain an UFS.

Should I reinstall FreeBSD from scratch ?
You might want to use ZFS. Not that UFS was completely fragile, but ZFS has a lot more features for resilience.

But then, in case you have no idea what might have caused that trouble, better check the drive (e.g. SMART data), it might be dying (or already dead).
 
To locate the next superblock you can use newfs with "-N" so it will only print the list of the superblocks which are going to be created without actually formatting the partition.

newfs -N /dev/ada2p2
!!! don't miss the capital -N !!!

When you get the list of the superblock you can try
fsck_ffs -b 1280640 /dev/ada2p2
where the 1280640 is the next superblock backup

You can also try fstyp /dev/ada2p2 to see if the UFS is detected
 
Code:
mario@marietto:/home/marietto # newfs -N /dev/ada2p2

/dev/ada2p2: 300796.0MB (616030208 sectors) block size 32768, fragment size 4096
using 482 cylinder groups of 625.22MB, 20007 blks, 80128 inodes.
super-block backups (for fsck_ffs -b #) at:

 192, 1280640, 2561088, 3841536, 5121984, 6402432, 7682880, 8963328, 10243776, 11524224, 12804672, 14085120, 15365568, 16646016, 17926464, 19206912, 20487360, 21767808, 23048256, 24328704, 25609152, 26889600, 28170048, 29450496, 30730944, 32011392, 33291840, 34572288, 35852736, 37133184, 38413632, 39694080, 40974528, 42254976, 43535424, 44815872, 46096320, 47376768,
48657216, 49937664, 51218112, 52498560, 53779008, 55059456, 56339904, 57620352, 58900800, 60181248, 61461696, 62742144, 64022592, 65303040, 66583488, 67863936, 69144384, 70424832, 71705280, 72985728, 74266176, 75546624, 76827072, 78107520, 79387968, 80668416, 81948864, 83229312, 84509760, 85790208, 87070656, 88351104, 89631552, 90912000, 92192448, 93472896,
94753344, 96033792, 97314240, 98594688, 99875136, 101155584, 102436032, 103716480, 104996928, 106277376, 107557824, 108838272, 110118720, 111399168, 112679616, 113960064, 115240512, 116520960, 117801408, 119081856, 120362304, 121642752, 122923200, 124203648, 125484096, 126764544, 128044992, 129325440, 130605888, 131886336, 133166784, 134447232, 135727680, 137008128, 138288576, 139569024, 140849472, 142129920, 143410368, 144690816, 145971264, 147251712, 148532160, 149812608, 151093056, 152373504, 153653952, 154934400, 156214848, 157495296, 158775744, 160056192, 161336640, 162617088, 163897536, 165177984, 166458432, 167738880, 169019328, 170299776, 171580224, 172860672, 174141120, 175421568, 176702016, 177982464, 179262912, 180543360, 181823808, 183104256, 184384704, 185665152, 186945600, 188226048, 189506496, 190786944, 192067392, 193347840, 194628288, 195908736, 197189184, 198469632, 199750080, 201030528, 202310976, 203591424, 204871872, 206152320, 207432768, 208713216, 209993664, 211274112, 212554560, 213835008, 215115456, 216395904, 217676352, 218956800, 220237248, 221517696, 222798144, 224078592, 225359040, 226639488, 227919936, 229200384, 230480832, 231761280, 233041728, 234322176, 235602624, 236883072, 238163520, 239443968, 240724416, 242004864, 243285312, 244565760, 245846208, 247126656, 248407104, 249687552, 250968000, 252248448, 253528896, 254809344, 256089792, 257370240, 258650688, 259931136, 261211584, 262492032, 263772480, 265052928, 266333376, 267613824, 268894272, 270174720, 271455168, 272735616, 274016064, 275296512, 276576960, 277857408, 279137856, 280418304, 281698752, 282979200, 284259648, 285540096, 286820544, 288100992, 289381440, 290661888, 291942336, 293222784, 294503232, 295783680, 297064128, 298344576, 299625024, 300905472, 302185920, 303466368, 304746816, 306027264, 307307712, 308588160, 309868608, 311149056, 312429504, 313709952, 314990400, 316270848, 317551296, 318831744, 320112192, 321392640, 322673088, 323953536, 325233984, 326514432, 327794880, 329075328, 330355776, 331636224, 332916672, 334197120, 335477568, 336758016, 338038464, 339318912, 340599360, 341879808, 343160256, 344440704, 345721152, 347001600,
348282048, 349562496, 350842944, 352123392, 353403840, 354684288, 355964736, 357245184, 358525632, 359806080, 361086528, 362366976, 363647424, 364927872, 366208320, 367488768, 368769216, 370049664, 371330112, 372610560, 373891008, 375171456, 376451904, 377732352, 379012800, 380293248, 381573696, 382854144, 384134592, 385415040, 386695488, 387975936, 389256384, 390536832, 391817280, 393097728, 394378176, 395658624, 396939072, 398219520, 399499968, 400780416, 402060864, 403341312, 404621760, 405902208, 407182656, 408463104, 409743552, 411024000, 412304448, 413584896, 414865344, 416145792, 417426240, 418706688, 419987136, 421267584, 422548032, 423828480, 425108928, 426389376, 427669824, 428950272, 430230720, 431511168, 432791616, 434072064, 435352512, 436632960, 437913408, 439193856, 440474304, 441754752, 443035200, 444315648, 445596096, 446876544, 448156992, 449437440, 450717888, 451998336, 453278784, 454559232, 455839680, 457120128, 458400576, 459681024, 460961472, 462241920, 463522368, 464802816, 466083264, 467363712, 468644160, 469924608, 471205056, 472485504, 473765952,
475046400, 476326848, 477607296, 478887744, 480168192, 481448640, 482729088, 484009536, 485289984, 486570432, 487850880, 489131328, 490411776, 491692224, 492972672, 494253120, 495533568, 496814016, 498094464, 499374912, 500655360, 501935808, 503216256, 504496704, 505777152, 507057600, 508338048, 509618496, 510898944, 512179392, 513459840, 514740288, 516020736, 517301184, 518581632, 519862080, 521142528, 522422976, 523703424, 524983872, 526264320, 527544768, 528825216, 530105664, 531386112, 532666560, 533947008, 535227456, 536507904, 537788352, 539068800, 540349248, 541629696, 542910144, 544190592, 545471040, 546751488, 548031936, 549312384, 550592832, 551873280, 553153728, 554434176, 555714624, 556995072, 558275520, 559555968, 560836416, 562116864, 563397312, 564677760, 565958208, 567238656, 568519104, 569799552, 571080000, 572360448, 573640896, 574921344, 576201792, 577482240, 578762688, 580043136, 581323584, 582604032, 583884480, 585164928, 586445376, 587725824, 589006272, 590286720, 591567168, 592847616, 594128064, 595408512, 596688960, 597969408, 599249856, 600530304,
601810752, 603091200, 604371648, 605652096, 606932544, 608212992, 609493440, 610773888, 612054336, 613334784, 614615232, 615895680

mario@marietto:/home/marietto # fsck_ffs -b 192 /dev/ada2p2

Alternate super block location: 192
192 is not a file system superblock
192 is not a file system superblock

mario@marietto:/home/marietto # fstyp /dev/ada2p2
ext2fs

ext2fs ?????? what happened bro ?????
 
Code:
mario@marietto:/home/marietto # mount -t ext2fs /dev/ada2p2 /mnt/ada2p2

mario@marietto:/home/marietto # cd /mnt/ada2p2


mario@marietto:/mnt/ada2p2 # ls
android-2.1.0   lost+found


mario@marietto:/mnt/ada2p2 # cd android-2.1.0


mario@marietto:/mnt/ada2p2/android-2.1.0 # ls
data            initrd.img      kernel          system.img

I really don't know what happened. But at this point I suppose that I've lost every data inside that partition. But why is it still marked as ufs ?
 
No man,I never formatted it using the ext2 fs. In that disk there is FreeBSD since a long time with the UFS2 fs. I'm sad.
 
I suspect that you attached this disk in bhyve and install an operating system which doesn't recognize the freebsd-ufs so you were ended with freebsd-ufs formatted with ext2fs.
Maybe you were using this this here:

You can check the last modified timestamp of the files inside that partition to get information when you were formatted it like this.
 
10 June 2022. I can't remember for sure what I did. Luckily I had cloned that FreeBSD installation on a ZFS volume and now I will reinstall FreeBSD on the disk ada2 using the UFS fs and then I will copy the current and most updated FreeBSD files from the ZFS to the UFS disk. Its a fast job.
 
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