It depends on what the modem uses.So what drivers / Protocol does Android / Linux uses?
Here is an example of protocols used on Linux.
QMI = Qualcom Modems
MBIM = Intel Modems
This is very generally. Qualcomm allows you to chose the protocol used.
FreeBSD supports more than DirectIP/PPP
There was an attempt at porting OpenBSD MBIM
263783 – USB MBIM: Support for LTE/4G USB modems (MBIM)
We support ECM/NCM