problem with math.h

First_Law_of_Unix

First_Law_of_Unix

[Mod: Split off from a 10(!) year old thread; Thread problem-with-math-h.33320]

I'm getting the same issues as to op when compiling a C/C++ project:

C: 
[100%] Built target darknet_l
[100%] Linking CXX executable darknet
ld: error: undefined symbol: expf
>>> referenced by activations.h:36 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:36)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by activations.h:44 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:44)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by activations.h:37 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:37)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced 10 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: log1pf
>>> referenced by activations.h:56 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:56)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by activations.h:56 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:56)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(gradient)

ld: error: undefined symbol: tanhf
>>> referenced by activations.h:64 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:64)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by activations.h:79 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:79)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(gradient)

ld: error: undefined symbol: floorf
>>> referenced by activations.h:24 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:24)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by activations.h:111 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:111)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(gradient)
>>> referenced by image.c:0 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(place_image)
>>> referenced 7 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: floor
>>> referenced by activations.h:25 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:25)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by activations.h:26 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:26)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(activate)
>>> referenced by image.c:21 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:21)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(get_color)
>>> referenced 6 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: expm1f
>>> referenced by activations.h:78 (/home/user/darknet/src/activations.h:78)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/activations.c.o:(gradient)

ld: error: undefined symbol: pow
>>> referenced by batchnorm_layer.c:118 (/home/user/darknet/src/batchnorm_layer.c:118)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/batchnorm_layer.c.o:(backward_batchnorm_layer)
>>> referenced by batchnorm_layer.c:118 (/home/user/darknet/src/batchnorm_layer.c:118)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/batchnorm_layer.c.o:(backward_batchnorm_layer)
>>> referenced by batchnorm_layer.c:118 (/home/user/darknet/src/batchnorm_layer.c:118)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/batchnorm_layer.c.o:(backward_batchnorm_layer)
>>> referenced 85 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: log
>>> referenced by blas.c:279 (/home/user/darknet/src/blas.c:279)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/blas.c.o:(softmax_x_ent_cpu)
>>> referenced by blas.c:290 (/home/user/darknet/src/blas.c:290)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/blas.c.o:(logistic_x_ent_cpu)
>>> referenced by blas.c:290 (/home/user/darknet/src/blas.c:290)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/blas.c.o:(logistic_x_ent_cpu)
>>> referenced 26 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: exp
>>> referenced by blas.c:322 (/home/user/darknet/src/blas.c:322)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/blas.c.o:(softmax)
>>> referenced by blas.c:322 (/home/user/darknet/src/blas.c:322)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/blas.c.o:(softmax_cpu)
>>> referenced by network.c:110 (/home/user/darknet/src/network.c:110)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/network.c.o:(get_current_rate)
>>> referenced 40 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: atan
>>> referenced by box.c:324 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:324)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(box_ciou)
>>> referenced by box.c:324 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:324)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(box_ciou)
>>> referenced by box.c:508 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:508)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(dx_box_iou)
>>> referenced 5 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: log2
>>> referenced by box.c:807 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:807)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(encode_box)
>>> referenced by box.c:807 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:807)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(encode_box)
>>> referenced by box.c:1709 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:1709)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(encode_box_y4)
>>> referenced 1 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: exp2
>>> referenced by box.c:817 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:817)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(decode_box)
>>> referenced by box.c:817 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:817)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(decode_box)
>>> referenced by box.c:1719 (/home/user/darknet/src/box.c:1719)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/box.c.o:(decode_box_y4)
>>> referenced 5 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: ceil
>>> referenced by image.c:22 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:22)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(get_color)
>>> referenced by image.c:22 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:22)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(mask_to_rgb)
>>> referenced by image.c:22 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:22)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(draw_detections_v3)
>>> referenced 3 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: roundf
>>> referenced by image.c:392 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:392)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(draw_detections_v3)
>>> referenced by image.c:393 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:393)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(draw_detections_v3)
>>> referenced by image.c:394 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:394)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(draw_detections_v3)
>>> referenced 5 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: cos
>>> referenced by image.c:0 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(rotate_crop_image)
>>> referenced by image.c:0 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(rotate_image)
>>> referenced by network.c:122 (/home/user/darknet/src/network.c:122)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/network.c.o:(get_current_rate)
>>> referenced 1 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: sin
>>> referenced by image.c:0 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(rotate_crop_image)
>>> referenced by image.c:0 (/home/user/darknet/src/image.c:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image.c.o:(rotate_image)
>>> referenced by lsd.c:392 (/home/user/darknet/examples/lsd.c:392)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/examples/lsd.c.o:(slerp)
>>> referenced 6 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: acos
>>> referenced by lsd.c:391 (/home/user/darknet/examples/lsd.c:391)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/examples/lsd.c.o:(slerp)
>>> referenced by lsd.c:391 (/home/user/darknet/examples/lsd.c:391)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/examples/lsd.c.o:(inter_dcgan)

ld: error: undefined symbol: nan
>>> referenced by utils.c:615 (/home/user/darknet/src/utils.c:615)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/utils.c.o:(parse_fields)
>>> referenced by utils.c:614 (/home/user/darknet/src/utils.c:614)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/utils.c.o:(parse_fields)

ld: error: undefined symbol: operator new(unsigned long)
>>> referenced by image_opencv.cpp:0 (/home/user/darknet/src/image_opencv.cpp:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image_opencv.cpp.o:(open_video_stream)
>>> referenced by new:235 (/usr/include/c++/v1/new:235)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image_opencv.cpp.o:(open_video_stream)
>>> referenced by new:235 (/usr/include/c++/v1/new:235)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image_opencv.cpp.o:(show_image_frame_cv)
>>> referenced 13 more times

ld: error: undefined symbol: operator delete(void*)
>>> referenced by new:245 (/usr/include/c++/v1/new:245)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image_opencv.cpp.o:(open_video_stream)
>>> referenced by new:245 (/usr/include/c++/v1/new:245)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image_opencv.cpp.o:(open_video_stream)
>>> referenced by new:0 (/usr/include/c++/v1/new:0)
>>>               CMakeFiles/darknet.dir/src/image_opencv.cpp.o:(open_video_stream)
>>> referenced 23 more times

ld: error: too many errors emitted, stopping now (use -error-limit=0 to see all errors)
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
--- darknet ---
*** [darknet] Error code 1

make[2]: stopped in /usr/home/user/darknet/build
1 error

Many errors related to <math.h>

Thanks.
 
plichel said:
#include <math.h>

int main(void)
{
double e=expl(2);
//logl(2);
return 1;
}
Click to expand...
It always helps to know the FreeBSD release and compiler version.

On FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE-p2, that code compiles for me without errors using both cc and gcc11:
Code: 
[strand.277] $ cc --version
FreeBSD clang version 13.0.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git llvmorg-13.0.0-0-gd7b669b3a303)
Target: x86_64-unknown-freebsd13.1
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin

[strand.278] $ gcc11 --version
gcc11 (FreeBSD Ports Collection) 11.3.0
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

[strand.279] sum /usr/include/math.h
60456 15 /usr/include/math.h

[strand.280] $ grep include /usr/include/math.h
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#include <sys/_types.h>
#include <machine/_limits.h>

[strand.285] $ cc -E t.c >t1.c
[strand.286] $ sum t1.c
40608 12 t1.c
Your sum(1)s should be the same if you have the same version of FreeBSD and cc.
 
For the record, On Gentoo-Linux it compiles fine just "cc".
Code: 
EXP(3)                                            Linux Programmer's Manual                                           EXP(3)
NAME
       exp, expf, expl - base-e exponential function
SYNOPSIS
       #include <math.h>
       double exp(double x);
       float expf(float x);
       long double expl(long double x);
       Link with -lm.

FreeBSD asks explicit to link math : "cc -lm".
 
First_Law_of_Unix said:
Thank for the reply. It turns out that I needed to add some compiler flags which did the trick:

-lstdc++ and -lm
Click to expand...

You are using clang and libstdc++?

Normally you would use clang++ as the linker driver and that just does the right thing (links with libc++).

You may need to use -rpath so that your exe knows where to load libstdc++ (or else use LD_LIBRARY_PATH, but that is a really bad idea).
 
FreeBSD,
Code: 
man exp
EXP(3)                 FreeBSD Library Functions Manual                 EXP(3)

NAME
     exp, expf, expl, exp2, exp2f, exp2l, expm1, expm1f, expm1l, pow, powf,
     powl – exponential and power functions

LIBRARY
     Math Library (libm, -lm)
 
Paul Floyd said:
You are using clang and libstdc++?

Normally you would use clang++ as the linker driver and that just does the right thing (links with libc++).

You may need to use -rpath so that your exe knows where to load libstdc++ (or else use LD_LIBRARY_PATH, but that is a really bad idea).
Click to expand...

I am using Cmake and set it to use clang on the CmakeList.txt file, not too sure how it is using clang exactly. The project contains both C and C++ files:
github.com

GitHub - sowson/darknet: Darknet on OpenCL Convolutional Neural Networks on OpenCL on Intel & NVidia & AMD & Mali GPUs for macOS & GNU/Linux & Windows & FreeBSD

Darknet on OpenCL Convolutional Neural Networks on OpenCL on Intel & NVidia & AMD & Mali GPUs for macOS & GNU/Linux & Windows & FreeBSD - sowson/darknet
github.com github.com
 
I'm not much of an expert on cmake, but I'd expect that simply setting CC=clang and CXX=clang++ should be enough.

The project might have hard coded dependencies on gcc/g++/libstdc++ though.
 
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