As far as I know, any of our documentation that suggests using dd(1) shows how to do it.
A disk image is a copy of the entire disk, so there is no point in formatting the target disk beforehand. Avoid using dd(1) to write to directly to SSDs, because every block written will be considered in use by the SSD, and TRIM will not clear them. Because disk image files contain lots of empty, unused space, this is a problem.
Example: the image file is example.img and the destination disk is /dev/ada9: # dd if=example.img of=/dev/ada9 bs=128k
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